Brand owners can achieve qualities such as “warm”, “soft”, “shiny” and “pleasant” through color, but is it affecting post-consumer recycled?
Mechanical recycling is the most common recycling method for thermoplastic polymers and consists of several phases in which recyclers sort plastics depending on their type, shape, density, size, and color. Once the materials are sorted, washed, and grounded, they are melted into pellets for commercialization.
At the same time, the use of color becomes a necessity when creating an identity in a plastic product. To achieve this goal, brand owners add pigments or colorants to the polymers.
Brand owners, however, acknowledge their influence on sustainability. Sprite, for example, changed its bottle color from green to transparent to help obtain high-value recycled plastic.
Another problem that can come with colored plastic, specifically with black, is the “Carbon Black”, which in some countries causes misleading plastic sorting.
Normally, recycling plants use near-infrared (NIR) technology to sort plastics. Unfortunately, that technology cannot detect products containing such pigment and therefore it cannot sort them for recycling.
Black-colored plastic without carbon black pigment. Courtesy of Avient PolyOne.
For this issue, Avient, for example, introduces the black pigment “OnColor Infrared Sortable Black for Recyclable Packaging”. It is a black pigment detectable by polymer sorting systems using near-infrared technology.
And like this, there are many other brands that are removing strong pigments from their products to prevent the loss of recycled plastic value and working on pigments that support a circular economy.
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In my opinion there is generally no need for color in plastic packaging material, especially when this is compared to the value of combatting climate change and mass extinction (which are both happening now). A good example is color less transparent drink bottles, a new one should become natural coloured HDPE shampoo bottle.
Color and other marketing can easily be achieved through a sleeve that should be able to be disconnected easily.
Niels, I agree with you that, in most cases, we don't need strong colors in packaging (maybe in PCR the situation is a bit different) it's just a matter of brand identity, which has little to do with sustainability. Many brands are taking that step, but others are keeping color to attract attention on the shelf. For there to be a real change, the big brands must dare, an example is Danone, which no longer even has a label on some products.